The Civil War The United States - 1622 Words

The Civil War divided the United States with its’ origin in the struggle to preserve the Union from the Confederacy’s succession. A war to maintain the United States quickly progressed to battles fought because of the controversial beliefs on slavery in the North and South. In the coming of the Civil War there were questions and confusion that many Americans were faced with in the words of the South’s succession. During the war, families were torn due to the men lost to the Union or Confederate causes. At the resolution of the Civil War, Southern states were forced to reshape their economies that were once dependent on slave labor. What are referred to as two communities in the Civil War, on the boarder between opposing forces, the people†¦show more content†¦Finally, with the emancipation of slaves in 1863, the people of Augusta County had to reshape their economy with the introduction of thousands of newly freed slaves. The economy in Augusta County de pended on the slave industry prior to the Civil War through the selling of slaves to fellow slave states. Slavery in the United States can be traced back to the 1600s in New England, Chesapeake, and the Carolinas as a dynamic institution. After the emancipation of the Atlantic Slave Trade, slavery gradually began to disappear in the Northern states and was isolated in the Southern states. Because there was no other way of trading slaves throughout the South, the states began to sell slaves to slave owners in other states. â€Å"Slavery provided the economic backbone for Augusta’s farms† (Torget and Ayers 3). About a quarter of the families in the county owned at least one slave who worked their fields. According to the population statistics for 1860, out of Augusta’s total population of 27,749, 5,616 people were enslaved (â€Å"Population Statistics for 1860† 291). Much of Augusta’s income relied on the selling and trading of slaves. A slave from A ugusta County, Mary Perkins, writes to her husband Richard about the sale of their son and of how she and her second child are also now for sale. â€Å"My master has sold Albert to a trader on Monday. I want you to tell Dr. Hamelton or your master if either will buy me†

There Are Many Types Of Conditioning That People Used To

There are many types of conditioning that people used to learn things. The first type of condition that we talk about in this paper is classical condition. The second type of conditioning is called operant conditioning. And the last type of conditioning is vicarious conditioning / Observational Learning. These are the 3 main types of conditioning that we use in are daily life. Classical Conditioning Classical conditioning is one of the most basic forms of learning that we use today. You can see it being used in things like pet training to teaching kids how to do something. The term classical conditioning means â€Å"learning to elicit an involuntary, reflex –like response to a stimulus other than the original, natural stimulus that normally†¦show more content†¦Operant conditioning Operant condition focus on how an organisms learns a response a voluntary responses and how they can be guided though positive and negative reinforcement. Thorndike’s puzzle box he place a hungry cat inside a box with food on the outside. The only thing the cat had to do was press the lever and escape to get the food. Though at first it took a while for the cat to get out but after few trials with each getting faster. With the time getting fast and faster it was pretty safe so assume the cat figure out a way to get out of the box was to push the lever. Which lead to the law of effect â€Å"if an action is followed by a pleasurable consequence, it will tend to be repeated† (Ciccarelli White, 2017 p.188). This is an example of positive reinforcement the cat escaping from the box there is food to reward when it is successful. Here are the two kinds of reinforcement there is positive reinforcement. Positive reinforcement is when you add a reward and negative reinforcement is the removal of a thing. We also have primary and secondary enforcements that are a part of this as well. An example of would be when I go to work for Meijer pushing carts I get reward with a paycheck once a week which is a second dairy reinforcement. Money is a secondary reinforcement because you can use it to get other goods vs a primary which you can use yourself like food and clothing. Another example of operant conditioning that is a negativeShow MoreRelatedPavlov s Classical Conditioning Vs. Operant Conditioning1172 Words   |  5 PagesPavlov’s Classical Conditioning vs. B.F. Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Bhavika D. Patel Atlantic Community College Abstract Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner both studied learning, in which they both did different experiments on different animals and with different conditioning. Classical conditioning is the process in which two stimuli become linked; once this association has been recognized, an originally neutral stimulus is conditioned to provoke an involuntary response. The dogs in Pavlov’s studiesRead MoreRespondent and Instrumental Conditioning as Related to Phobias and Addictions1004 Words   |  5 PagesRespondent and Instrumental Conditioning as related to Phobias and Addictions Many people who suffer from phobias also suffer from addictions. This is largely due in part to the reluctance to seek professional treatment for the phobia. People turn to other means to cope with their phobias which in turn leads to addictions. Dependence is such an issue with addiction that stopping is very difficult and causes severe physical and mental reactions. Therapist use a technique called extinction toRead MoreClassical and Operant Conditioning Essay1000 Words   |  4 PagesWhile many people may believe that learning is just a natural response that all animals are capable of, there is actually a more complex explanation on how we learn the things we do in order to survive in the world. Classical conditioning and operant conditioning are both basic forms of learning, they have the word conditioning in common. Conditioning is the acquisition of specific patterns of behavior in the presence of well-defined stimuli. Classical conditioning is a type of learning in whichRead MoreThe Learning Theory Of Action1472 Words   |  6 Pagesprocessed, and retained during learning. There are many different views of the learning theory and many different groups of people who have studied and still study the learning theory. Among these groups are behaviorists, cognitive theorists, transformative learning theorists, and those who advocate for constructivism. 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A psychologist by the name of JohnRead MoreLearning Experience Paper1290 Words   |  6 Pagesclassical conditioning, operant conditioning and cognitive- social learning theory. First of all, I would begin by describing my experience of learning to fear lizards with regards to classical conditioning. To give some context to the situation, I was raised in India where lizards, usually in large numbers, are often found on walls particularly during the summer months. I strongly believe that my fear of lizards can be explained using Pavlov s classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is theRead MoreWhen Mental Health Problems, Otherwise Known As Psychopathology,1510 Words   |  7 PagesWhen mental health problems, otherwise known as psychopathology, are diagnosed or determined, a path to understanding and healing can take place for the person suffering. However, there are many different approaches for psychological therapy. 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Triceratops free essay sample

Paleontologist John Scannella observed: It is hard to walk out into the  Hell Creek Formation  and not stumble upon a  Triceratops  weathering out of a hillside. Forty-seven complete or partial skulls were discovered in just that area during the decade 2000–2010. [7]  Specimens representing life stages from hatchling to adult have been found. [8] The function of the frills and three distinctive facial horns has long inspired debate. Traditionally these have been viewed as defensive weapons against predators. More recent theories, noting the presence of blood vessels in the skull bones of ceratopsids, find it more probable that these features were primarily used in identification,  courtship  and dominance displays, much like the  antlers  and horns of modern  reindeer,  mountain goats, or  rhinoceros beetles. [9]  The theory finds additional support if  Torosaurus  represents the mature form ofTriceratops, as this would mean the frill also developed holes (fenestrae) as individuals reached maturity, rendering the structure more useful for display than defense. We will write a custom essay sample on Triceratops or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page [4]

Under the Blood Red Sun Character Journal Essay Example

Under the Blood Red Sun Character Journal Paper Character Journal Billy’s mom I believe if you teach your children well, they will be good as well. At the same time let them know what the bad is, and why they shouldn’t follow it. I can see the Wilsons dislike the Japanese that live here, just like all the fellow Americans. I guess with me working at the hospital I have been able to speak and assist all types of people in need. A particular individual is not bad because of their race, but if they it is who they are of themselves not their country or color. I have never gotten mad at the types of friends my children have made. If my children do bring their friends over to this house, I make sure I treat them as a guest, and make them feel at home. How I treat them is how I would like my son as well to be treated as a guest in their homes. Keet I hate how the majority of the Japanese just come here and try to take over our land, they think they can do whatever they want. Tomi especially, thinks just because we allow him to live in our property they can live the way they do in their home in Japan the same way here. Don’t these people understand if you go to another country, you’re suppose to follow their rules. But instead they still fly their Japan flag with pride as if they need to show off that Japan can come here. Why do they always have to bow when they say hi? That’s not our custom. We will write a custom essay sample on Under the Blood Red Sun Character Journal specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Under the Blood Red Sun Character Journal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Under the Blood Red Sun Character Journal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Chicken Soup For The Soul Essays - Anthropology, Free Essays

Chicken Soup For The Soul Essays - Anthropology, Free Essays Chicken Soup For The Soul Anthropology may be dissected into four main perspectives, firstly physical or biological anthropology, which is an area of study concerned with human evolution and human adaptation. Its main components are human paleontology, the study of our fossil records, and human genetics, which examines the ways in which human beings differ from each other. Also adopted are aspects of human ecology, ethnology, demography, nutrition, and environmental physiology. From the physical anthropologist we learn the capabilities for bearing culture that distinguish us from other species. Secondly archaeology, which follows from physical anthropology, reassembles the evolution of culture by examining the physical remains of past societies. Its difference from physical anthropology being its concern with culture rather than the biological aspects off the human species. Archaeologists must assess and analyse their subject culture from accidental remains, which can only provide an incomplete picture. Third ly, Anthropological linguistics is a field within anthropology which focuses upon the relationship between language and cultural behaviour. Anthropological linguists ask questions about language and communication to aid the appraisement of society rather than a descriptive or linguistic assessment. For example Freil and Pfeiffer (1977) cite an assessment of the Inuit language where there are twelve unrelated words for wind and twenty-two for snow, showing the difference in significance by comparison with our own society. The deduction being that wind and snow are more significant to the Inuit so they scrutinise them more rigorously and can clearly define them accordingly. This kind of linguistic analysis facilitates a better understanding of a foreign culture to help place it into context to allow contrast. Fourthly, social anthropology is the study of human social life or society, concerned with examining social behavior and social relationships. As the focus of social anthropology is on patterns of social connection, it is commonly contrasted with the branch of anthropology that examines culture, that is, learnt and inherited beliefs and standards of behavior and in particular the meanings, values and codes of conduct. Cultural anthropology (the study of culture in its social context) is associated particularly with American anthropology (specifically, in the United States), and social anthropology with European, especially British studies, which have tended to be more sociological, that is, they are more concerned with understanding society. However, culture and society are interdependent, and today the single term sociocultural anthropology is sometimes used. The social anthropologist uses a number of cultural ethnographic studies to construct an ethnological study. A social anthropological definition of culture is given by J.P.Spenley in 'The Ethnographic Interview' (1979), culture is the acquired knowledge that people use to interpret, experience and gen erate social behaviour. By this interpretation culture is not the physical characteristics of any society but the reasoning behind those characteristics, it is a body of implicit and explicit knowledge shared by a group of people. It is used by people individually as a map to determine their behaviour in any given situation. Spendley's definition does not divert from the significance of behaviour, customs, objects or emotions, these are essential tools for the anthropologist which allow the interpretation of culture to facilitate the tracking down of cultural meaning. Ethnographic study is a search to uncover this meaning which is the root cause of cultural differences and can therefore be seen as the definition of any culture. There has been considerable theoretical debate by anthropologists over the most useful attributes that a technical concept of culture should stress. For example, in 1952 Alfred Kroeber and Clyde Kluckhohn, American anthropologists, published a list of 160 dif ferent definitions of culture. A brief table of this list next page, shows the diversity of the anthropological concept of culture. TABLE: Diverse Definitions of Culture: Topical: Culture consists of everything on a list of topics, or categories, such as social organization, religion, or economy Historical: Culture is social heritage, or tradition, that is passed on to future generations Behavioral: Culture is shared, learned human behavior, a way of life Normative: Culture is ideals, values, or rules for living Functional: Culture is the way humans solve problems of adapting to the environment or living together Mental: Culture is a complex of ideas, or learned habits, that inhibit impulses and distinguish people from animals Structural: Culture

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Performance Management And Reward System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Performance Management And Reward System - Essay Example A lot of organisation managers neglect these important performance management functions since they are terribly time overwhelming and need some competent skills. However, that should not be a barrier. There are lots nice; reasonable performance management applications offered that automates the full method, and even offer tools that help to create it and make it easier to align goals, write feedback and select development activities. Grouping package is one amongst the leading suppliers; however there are many others as well.Reward systems will and sometimes do have associate influence on the effectiveness of structure modification efforts. Once the impact of a modification program on the reward system is not taken into consideration, the reward system will become a crucial impediment to people accepting the modification. On the opposite hand, once the reward system is taken into account and made a part of the modification strategy, it will create a positive contribution to a modific ation effort. It is exactly due to the general nature of organizations that nearly any modification effort has implications for the reward system.The capability of the employees is improved through motivation and rewarding hard work. For an organisation to retain motivated workers and achieve high performance there should be development programs which has motivational reward strategies and challenging work. This will enhance career development and progressive job satisfaction.

Healthcare Insight Repositioning Research Paper

Healthcare Insight Repositioning - Research Paper Example Human beings often get sick and when they do so, they need medical attention. Landmark Health is a non-profit making organization that looks towards offering their patients suitable services that will leave them satisfied, and ensure that their outpatients have words full of praise for their services rather than criticizing them (Nanus & Dobbs, 1999). Landmark Healthcare Organization extends its medical services from Virginia all the way to Georgia. The mission of the organization is to improve the health of communities, with services to each and every person in the community. The major purpose of this study is to identify the major successes and pitfalls faced by the organization as a result of its changing environment in terms of site, management and patient outcome and suggesting solutions and suitable recommendations to the problems that the organization faces. The essence of a local health center is to provide suitable medical care to its adjacent community and extend its services further to other communities in the region. Landmark Healthcare provides value to the community by embodying the belief that they have practiced at the various sites in the country. According to their senior leader, they strive to provide same medical facilities all over their thirteen locations so as to satisfy patients from both areas who visit their institution. In addition, their market leader pointed out that they offer value by providing exceptional medical facilities, enhancing appropriate physician practices and being devoted to the outreach of the community and other communal services (Nanus & Dobbs, 1999). These values, when provided adequately and sufficiently to the community, come with benefits, and as he continued to say, it has had some enormous contributions to the success of the  organization, including the organizations registering a massive benefit of $ 567 million in the year 2011. The benefits recorded were not only because of the large numbers of in-patients that they record, but it was accrued to the community services that they offer to the people.

Good VS Evil Essay Example for Free

Good VS Evil Essay There are many different gangs; some only allow certain races or colors to be considered part of the gang. Other gangs require an entrance fee which includes doing something to prove you are worthy to become part of the gang. This is anywhere from sexual acts to thievery to violent crimes to include killing people. The age range of gangs varies tremendously and includes ages from 9 years to 40 years and even beyond in some cases. There is a gang called The Satanic Cult who is based in the Gaithersburg, MD area. Their actions are pretty synonymous with their name. They practice in the ways of ritual animal and human sacrifices. Those that were not Caucasians were not allowed as well as those who had brown hair. The age range varies within this gang and there is no specific entry fee but the moment the gang feels you are no longer part of the gang they will then kill you. The Crips are from Los Angeles and are predominantly African American. This gang is one of the largest in the US and is involved in numerous murders, robberies, drugs and other various forms of criminal activity. They are also always in open warfare with the Bloods, also from Los Angeles. The Bloods are similar to the Crips and were originally the Crips back in 1970 until an internal war started which separated the original gang. The bloods show much disrespect to the Crips and are generally involved in the same thing as the Crips. Both can be found in the US and Military databases as threats. The Mexican mafia, yet another faction in Los Angeles teaches their children from a very young age on how to hold and operate a gun, helps their friends and neighbors with drugs, mainly heroin and is prevalent with car jackings so that the parts can be sold on the black market. Everything this gang does is done broadly and openly among all family members, regardless of their age. In Oregon there is a different type of gang and that is the outlaw motorcycle related gangs. One of these gangs is called the Mongrols and have four different chapter is the Eugene and Central Oregon area. Their ultimate punishment for infractions is to beat to death, the person who allegedly did wrong against the club. Their main operations include motorcycle jackings, drugs, prostitution, trafficking, and assaults and have additional chapters in both Australia and Germany. There is an estimated 1 million gang members throughout the US. The majority of them are involved in various criminal activities and there are only a few gangs who do good. Motorcycle gangs from The American Legions across the US do rides together for the benefit of children. So even though this is a small percentage, it goes to show not all gangs are bad, granted the majority of them are. References Alonso, A. Los Angeles Gangs (c. 1999) http://www. streetgangs. com/history/history. html Mac. Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs Flying Colors in Oregon. 2008 http://nwhog. wordpress. com/2008/05/08/outlaw-motorcycle-gangs-flying-colors-in-oregon/

Essay --

As the policy pyramid shows, the best security begins with upper management creating an actual policy or mandate to implement security. The policy should be based on industry standards and regulations such as ISO 17799 and HIPAA. Procedures, practices and guidelines form the basis for all security technology. Products such as ESM measure policy compliance with policies and modules for operating applications, systems and databases. These then interact with the actual computer environment. the components of an effective information security policy : †¢Security accountability: Stipulate the security roles and responsibilities of general users, key staff, and management. Producing accountability within these three staff categories will help your organization comprehend and manage expectations and provides a foundation for enforcing all other ancillary policies and procedures. This section should also define various classes of data, such as inner,basic and external, and confidential. By classifying the data, you can then make stipulations as to what varieties of employees are accountable for, and capable to modify or distribute, certain classes of information. For example, you may send out memos that say, "No confidential data may be circulated outside the business without management sign-off." †¢Group service plans: Generate policies for protected remote access, IP address administration and router, switch and configuration security procedures, and access listing (ACL) stipulations. Before they can be implemented, Indicate which important staff have to review which change procedures. For example, your security staff should review all recommended ACL modifications before your network administrators implement the changes. Define your r... ...n making options about method configuration and employ. This method will help you create specific safety goals along with a plan to tackle them. Before you manage protection you have to have a method to measure its usefulness. Your corporate security plan provides the suitable baseline standards against which to calculate compliance. There is no need to commence from scratch. Instead of analyzing each and every risk, take a look at what others are doing. Meet up with standards of due treatment by using current standards and industry "greatest practices". Focus on regulations and requirements from industry, partners and government. Some small companies have the propensity to outline security policy from the bottom up, beginning with the features of the equipment at hand. Medium and large businesses know that noise security guidelines begin in the top straight down.

Benefits of Video Games

Whenever a new technology surfaces into the modern world, there will always be debates on the effects they bring to individuals and to the society in general. Though video games are hardly new, there have always been arguments whether the images they show have a huge harmful impact to people since video games are frequently associated with violence. So often people only see the negative side of what video games bring that we disregard the advantages they give.Children may be often pleaded by their parents to do anything rather than playing games. This may be because parents do not pay attention to the benefits we can acquire from video games. When playing video games, certain skills and abilities develop. Our body parts, specifically the hands and eyes, are required to work together for we perform various commands on the controller by our hands depending on what we see on the screen. Thus, it results to the enhancement of our hand-eye coordination.Video games require critical thinkin g. A gamer must not only memorize information but also analyze, conceptualize, and infer data gathered from the virtual environment. One key to complete a game is to study patterns and to use it into one’s advantage. This vital skill is utilized when creating strategies, tackling problems and making decisions. Most games involve quick reaction time and split-second decisions that can mean virtual life and death. Video games enhance people’s decision-making skills.Virtual reality is like a practice field for gamers to improve their cognitive ability, for them to be ready in the real world. With this, people are more likely to decide correctly, quickly, and accordingly depending on the situation. Gamers are often stereotyped as people sitting in front of a screen for long hours and are uninterested in social interactions. But video games often encourage players to interact with other players from around the world, with the help of the internet, and work together to accom plish tasks.This can help build social relationships and enhance people’s socialization skills. Some games’ objective is to become victorious above others. It gives a sense of competition and eagerness to win a battle. When one loses, his willingness to win intensifies the next time around. Video games stimulate people to do better and achieve the best. Video games are games. They are created with the intention to give pleasure and enjoyment to whomever they may serve. They accompany us when we are lonely and depressed. They help us pass time when we have nothing to do.They give us a taste of admirable graphics design and creativity. They offer some benefits like those of what outdoor activities give. Nothing is wrong with playing video games. But excessive hours of playing will bring anyone no good. It is necessary to keep things in moderation. The next time your parents tell you that video games will only make you violent, inform them thoroughly what good things you can acquire from playing. You can even invite them to play with you. Who knows? It could be the solution for their stress and depression.

Beyond the Ordinary Bloody Hell Drama Essay

Beyond all human endeavors to attain their highest human potential; be it during grief, war, abundance, injustice, among others, is the rule that no matter what, â€Å" always do the right thing. † In this particular paper, I have chosen William Shakespeare’s work â€Å"Hamlet, Prince of Denmark† as well as Oscar Wilde’s â€Å"The Importance of Being Earnest† as the two main plays for my essay. I have a particular interest in these two plays by two different authors, because the two radiates social and moral themes, which I think is more interesting. â€Å"Hamlet† for example, conveys the message of revenge as evil and could result to unintended consequences. â€Å"The Importance of Being Earnest† posits an emphasis on the importance of being Earnest (since this was paramount during the Victorian era), which I would later on mention in my succeeding discussions. However, I have chosen the two plays because of its contrasting theme-satire vs. tragedy. I was particularly interested in the way the two plays (in different themes) could stir up moral-social values and messages. ‘Hamlet† is a story of oozing portrayal for vengeance (Shakespeare as cited in The Literature Network, 2000). Hamlet accidentally killed Polonius, after he thought that it was Claudius (the new King of Denmark). Look more:  satire in the importance of being earnest essay He intended to avenge the death of his father on Claudius. However, after the accidental killing of Polonius, Ophelia (the daughter of the latter who loved Hamlet despite the hatred she felt for him) and Laertes (son of Polonius, brother of Ophelia), were especially furious on him and planned to kill him to avenge the death of their father. It was the latter who carried on the plan since Ophelia was prevented by her love for Hamlet. On the course of their pursuit for revenge, all Hamlet and Laertes gain was the unintended consequence of their actions. The first accidentally killed Polonius instead of the king, as cited by Shakespeare (n. d): Hamlet: â€Å"How now? A rat? [draws] â€Å"Dead for a ducat, dead†! Polonius: [Behind the Arras] â€Å"O, I am slain†! [Fall and Dies]. (Shakespeare p. 150) Laertes, on the other hand, instead of killing Hamlet, was killed by his own sword as mentioned by Shakespeare (n. d): Laertes Why, as a woodcock to mine own springe, Osric; I am justly kill’d with mine own treachery. (Shakespeare p. 246) The message however of the play conveys that, revenge is not always the right thing to do, no matter how badly you’ve been hurt by someone. This is conveyed in the play of Shakespeare (n. d), when Laertes spoke to Hamlet: It is here, Hamlet: Hamlet, thou art slain; No medicine in the world can do thee good; (Shakespeare p. 247) On the other hand â€Å"The Importance of Being Earnest† portrayed the story of two characters (Jack and Algernon) that had employ deception for their convenience; Jack using the name Ernest and Algernon having an imaginary friend named Bunburry. The two employed deception to attain their ends (for Jack to be engaged to Gwendolyn and Algernon used Bunburry as an excuse to leave the country). Later on, Algernon also made-up a story that he was Ernest, to propose to Cecily. It was found out later on in the story that smoke has its way of escaping; the deception did not last long, it was soon discovered by the girls including Lady Bracknell (Gwendolen’s mother) that Ernest was just an imaginary person whose name was used by two persons (The Importance of Being Earnest, 2000). To cover all these mistakes, the two men were told to do the right thing to redeem themselves from the wrath of their fiancees. The two plays had some common grounds. Firstly, both plays were guilty of committing the â€Å"law of unintended consequence† of their actions. Hamlet is a story about revenge, but people who seek revenge for the death of their loved ones (Hamlet and Laertes), were not prepared for the unintended consequence of their actions. As the tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark it says: â€Å"A villain killed my father†¦I his sole son, would do the same villain†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Shakespeare as cited in etext. library, n. d). However, it was not anticipated by Hamlet that the man he killed was not the King. Clearly, Hamlet had mistaken Polonius as King Claudius. Moreover, when Laertes avenges the death of his father, he was killed by his own sword. The result of their plans was different since they were not familiar with the possible consequences of their actions, because experience wise, they’re not raised to slay somebody out of hatred and vengeance. As was mentioned previously, Jack and Algernon also did not expect the law of unintended consequences of their deception. It had evoked a lot of fantasies from the women, and led to conflict when both women assumed that they were both engaged to the same man named Ernest. One of the lines in The Importance of Being Ernest (2000) showed this conflict: Gwendolen. [Quite politely, rising. ] My darling Cecily, I think there must be some slight error. Mr. Ernest Worthing is engaged to me. The announcement will appear in the Morning Post on Saturday at the latest. Cecily. [Very politely, rising. ] I am afraid you must be under some misconception. Ernest proposed to me exactly ten minutes ago. [Shows diary. ] (p. 43) A â€Å"civilized war† in which flaring emotions were dealt not through aggression, but tensions over words and manners exist between Cecily and Gwendolen when they unmistakably thought that they were engaged to the same man named Earnest. The next comparative point for the play is the emphasis on doing the â€Å"right thing. † If King Claudius respected the life of the former King, Hamlet would not have thought of revenge, same as Polonius. However, they neglect to pay respect to the lives of these people, hence, one mistake leads to another. Vengeance could not be the right thing to do; since social laws are present (this is the function of law in every society-to ensure harmony and control towards equilibrium). The other play (†¦Being Earnest) was in fact clear about choosing the â€Å"right thing† to do. First, being morally right is the â€Å"right thing† to do. Take for example the line of Algernon after his conversation with Lane. The first stated that, what use the lower class would be if they don’t set good example; when they are in fact a class to have no sense of moral responsibility. Gwendolen believes that style, not sincerity is more important (The Importance of Being Earnest, 2000). This was depicted in the story when the Gwendolen and Cecily, instead of pouring out their hatred and contempt to each other, chose to have a â€Å"civilized war† because it is the â€Å"right† thing to do-impression management is more important than sincerity. Respect was also of significance in Hamlet. The play conveyed that whatever wrong a person has caused on you, it is still wrong for you to wish for his death, much more kill him. Killing someone had never been right, much more, seeking vengeance and putting the role of law on your own hands as what Hamlet and Laertes did. The third point of comparison for the two plays is their similarity in portraying conflict. Conflict usually occurs over the competition of highly valuable scarce resources. While Hamlet was a tragic play, it evoked conflicting interest between King Claudius and Hamlet’s father. Shakespeare (n. d) illustrated this scene through the following lines: Ghost: A serpent stung me; so the whole ear of Denmark Is by a forged process of my death Rankly abused: but know, thou noble youth, The serpent that did sting thy father’s life Now wears his crown (Shakespeare p. 14) The two were in conflict over the reign of the thrown in Denmark. It should be noted that conflict would either result to a positive or a negative consequence. Take for instance the case of King Claudius and Hamlet’s father; their conflicting interests enable King Claudius to kill his brother to take over to his thrown as the King of Denmark. On the other hand, The Importance of Being Earnest posits a deeper conflict between classes. In the way upper classes looked at marriage, wealth and the importance of superficial personalities to retain their pleasant status. Despite any wrong done, upper classes have their ways of doing the â€Å"right† thing, which they themselves have imposed. Lady Bracknell touches on the issue when she states, that: â€Å"pleasant or not, an engagement should be given to a girl through a surprise† (The Importance of Being Earnest, 2000: p. 43). Upper class has a standard way of looking at marriage-in fact they looked at it as a business transaction. Hence, marriage for the upper class is a way of showing social position, character and â€Å"taste† for marriage. This was however seen in the words of Gwendolen when she said sugar is being out of fashion and cake is not in best houses where it used to be seen (The Importance of Being Earnest, 2000). Cecily put sugar and cake on Gwendolen’s plate as otherwise requested by the latter. The two girls were actually insulting each other, but chose to do it in a more subtle and superficial way; that nobody could hint they were relatively furious with each other. Always doing the right thing is the best way to deal with hatred, happiness, and conflict, and extreme emotions. I have proved this right when Hamlet chose to revenge the death of his father instead of trusting the law of society to punish King Claudius. His revenge leads one way to another when other person was being killed, living the latter’s family in grief and the son to be also planning for revenge. On the other hand, I had also proved that doing the right thing is the best way to settle misunderstandings and feud. In Being Earnest, deception was used at first, and it was soon found out that it could create great complication; not only, people doing the deception gets into trouble but also the people in whom they had applied their deception as in the case of Gwendolen, Cecily and Lady Bracknell. Also, doing the right thing could be the best way to avoid negative consequences of conflict (e. g following the rule of transition to the throne in the case of Hamlet). Above all things, the two plays were great, since, errors were recognized and even if the right thing to do was not done immediately, the characters came into their senses and recognized that what they have done might be corrected. With the right attitude towards things as well as with the values that guide human character, one might not go wrong if s/he just lived with these and chose to always do what is â€Å"right† for everybody. â€Å"Hamlet† is indeed a great play, depicting many facets of the test of character amid hatred and betrayal. In the Importance of being Earnest, it was personal volition to use deception, but in the end, the choice to be â€Å"right† for the sake of harmony prevailed. References Hamlet. (2004). TeachWithMovies. com, Retrieved, January 20, 2008, from http://www. teachwithmovies. org/samples/hamlet. html The Importance of Being Earnest. (2000). CliffsNotes. com. Retrieved, January 20, 2008, from http://www. cliffsnotes. com/WileyCDA/LitNote/The-Importance-of-Being-Earnest. id-29,pageNum-31. html (IMPORTANT)

Free Essays on Daniel Pearl

The United States of America is a â€Å"special nation†, with a manifest destiny to become the â€Å"protectors of the free world†. And so the ironic battle begins here as we began to realize that the free world is in a paradox of itself. As protectors, this ideological thinking has grown into a foreign policy, and freedom is no longer just a gift but instead every human’s right and a moral of society. Since 1776, when America had declared freedom its almost as if â€Å"freedom† became a never-ending battle to fight for. And as if on a crusade the United States has enforced their ethics creating an ideological illusion to be enforced globally by the most powerful individual and in turn protected by the most powerful country in the world. This never-ending war for individual freedom has resulted in an inevitable Yin Yang, conflict of values, a creation of heaven vs. hell, and thus concluded to an ideological battle of Good vs. Evil. This disagreement of Good Vs. Evil is taken upon as a war for individual freedom fought at all costs even if the â€Å"ends justify the means† along with the theory that violence outside the law to achieve justice is acceptable. This â€Å"above the law† status created by American ideals has sunk into the blood and veins of the people. Other myth such as technology, being the protector and savior of the people, is demonstrated by the status of the United States as a world â€Å"super power†. All these myths help to form a culture of individuality and heroic mindsets. These ethics grow out of myths and transform into reality as Americans witness, its government policies leap into international waters to take action, through their â€Å"technological savior†: the media. The ideology of America has created a visible paradox making it evident of a glitch in its media, culture, and society. By analyzing the ideology of the American individualistic culture that is apprais ed in Society and in fact practiced ... Free Essays on Daniel Pearl Free Essays on Daniel Pearl The United States of America is a â€Å"special nation†, with a manifest destiny to become the â€Å"protectors of the free world†. And so the ironic battle begins here as we began to realize that the free world is in a paradox of itself. As protectors, this ideological thinking has grown into a foreign policy, and freedom is no longer just a gift but instead every human’s right and a moral of society. Since 1776, when America had declared freedom its almost as if â€Å"freedom† became a never-ending battle to fight for. And as if on a crusade the United States has enforced their ethics creating an ideological illusion to be enforced globally by the most powerful individual and in turn protected by the most powerful country in the world. This never-ending war for individual freedom has resulted in an inevitable Yin Yang, conflict of values, a creation of heaven vs. hell, and thus concluded to an ideological battle of Good vs. Evil. This disagreement of Good Vs. Evil is taken upon as a war for individual freedom fought at all costs even if the â€Å"ends justify the means† along with the theory that violence outside the law to achieve justice is acceptable. This â€Å"above the law† status created by American ideals has sunk into the blood and veins of the people. Other myth such as technology, being the protector and savior of the people, is demonstrated by the status of the United States as a world â€Å"super power†. All these myths help to form a culture of individuality and heroic mindsets. These ethics grow out of myths and transform into reality as Americans witness, its government policies leap into international waters to take action, through their â€Å"technological savior†: the media. The ideology of America has created a visible paradox making it evident of a glitch in its media, culture, and society. By analyzing the ideology of the American individualistic culture that is apprais ed in Society and in fact practiced ...

Attila the Hun at the Battle of Chalons

Attila the Hun at the Battle of Chalons The Battle of Chalons was fought during the Hunnic Invasions of Gaul in present-day France. Pitting Attila the Hun against Roman forces led by Flavius Aetius, the Battle of Chalons ended in a tactical draw but was a strategic victory for Rome. The victory at Chalons was one of the last achieved by the Western Roman Empire.​ Date The traditional date for the Battle of Chalons is June 20, 451. Some sources indicate that it may have been fought on September 20, 451. Armies Commanders Huns Attila the Hun30,000-50,000 men Romans Flavius AetiusTheodoric I30,000-50,000 men Battle of Chalons Summary In the years preceding 450, Roman control over Gaul and its other outlying provinces had grown weak. That year, Honoria, the sister, of Emperor Valentinian III, offered her hand in marriage to Attila the Hun with the promise that she would deliver half the Western Roman Empire as her dowry. Long a thorn in her brothers side, Honoria had earlier been married to Senator Herculanus in an effort to minimize her scheming. Accepting Honorias offer, Attila demanded that Valentinian deliver her to him. This was promptly refused and Attila began preparing for war. Attilas war planning was also encouraged by the Vandal king Gaiseric who wished to wage war on the Visigoths. Marching across the Rhine in early 451, Attila was joined by the Gepids and Ostrogoths. Through the first parts of the campaign, Attilas men sacked town after town including Strasbourg, Metz, Cologne, Amiens, and Reims. As they approached Aurelianum (Orleans), the citys inhabitants closed the gates forcing Attila to lay siege. In northern Italy, Magister militum Flavius Aetius began mustering forces to resist Attilas advance. Moving into southern Gaul, Aetius found himself with a small force consisting primarily of auxiliaries. Seeking aid from Theodoric I, king of the Visigoths, he was initially rebuffed. Turning to Avitus, a powerful local magnate, Aetius finally was able to find assistance. Working with Avitus, Aetius succeeded in convincing Theodoric to join the cause as well as several other local tribes. Moving north, Aetius sought to intercept Attila near Aurelianum. Word of Aetius approach reached Attila as his men were breaching the citys walls. Forced to abandon the attack or be trapped in the city, Attila began retreating northeast in search of favorable terrain to make a stand. Reaching the Catalaunian Fields, he halted, turned, and prepared to give battle. On June 19, as the Romans approached, a group of Attilas Gepids fought a large skirmish with some of Aetius Franks. Despite foreboding predictions from his seers, Attila gave the order to form for battle the next day. Moving from their fortified camp, they marched towards a ridge that crossed the fields. Playing for time, Attila did not give the order to advance until late in the day with the goal of allowing his men to retreat after nightfall if defeated. Pressing forward they moved up the right side of the ridge with the Huns in the center and the Gepids and Ostrogoths on the right and left respectively. Aetius men climbed the left slope of the ridge with his Romans on the left, the Alans in the center, and Theodorics Visigoths on the right. With the armies in place, the Huns advanced to take the top of the ridge. Moving quickly, Aetius men reached the crest first. Taking the top of the ridge, they repulsed Attilas assault and sent his men reeling back in disorder. Seeing an opportunity, Theodorics Visigoths surged forward attacking the retreating Hunnic forces. As he struggled to reorganize his men, Attilas own household unit was attacked forcing him to fall back to his fortified camp. Pursuing, Aetius men compelled the rest of the Hunnic forces to follow their leader, though Theodoric was killed in the fighting. With Theodoric dead, his son, Thorismund, assumed command of the Visigoths. With nightfall, the fighting ended. The next morning, Attila prepared for the expected Roman attack. In the Roman camp, Thorismund advocated assaulting the Huns but was dissuaded by Aetius. Realizing that Attila had been defeated and his advance stopped, Aetius began to assess the political situation. He realized that if the Huns were completely destroyed, that the Visigoths would likely end their alliance with Rome and would become a threat. To prevent this, he suggested that Thorismund immediately return to the Visigoth capital at Tolosa to claim his fathers throne before one of his brothers seized it. Thorismund agreed and departed with his men. Aetius used similar tactics to dismiss his other Frankish allies before withdrawing with his Roman troops. Initially believing the Roman withdrawal to be a ruse, Attila waited several days before breaking camp and retreating back across the Rhine. Aftermath Like many battles in this time period, precise casualties for the Battle of Chalons are not known. An extremely bloody battle, Chalons ended Attilas 451 campaign in Gaul and damaged his reputation as an invincible conqueror. The following year he returned to assert his claim to Honorias hand and ravaged northern Italy. Advancing down the peninsula, he did not depart until speaking with Pope Leo I. The victory at Chalons was one of the last significant victories achieved by the Western Roman Empire. Sources Medieval Sourcebook: Battle of ChalonsHistorynet: Battle of Chalons

Effects on environment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Effects on environment - Research Paper Example Pollution is contamination of the natural environment and which brings about environmental degradation. Air pollution caused by industrial emission of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur and other harmful gases leads to depletion of the ozone layer which acts as a shield to protect the earth from excessive and harmful sun rays. Water pollution on the other hand which may be caused by harmful farming, mining and even industrial wastes destroy the environment by exposing it to toxic chemicals and hence killing animals and plants which depend on that water. It also leads to destruction of the soil hence rendering the area inhabitable. The excessive population growth that has been witnessed over the last century has also had its effects on the environment. The major effects include deforestation, depletion of natural resources and extinction of species of both plants and animals. As the population continues to expand and with limited land for settlement, the only alternative left is to start clearing forests and even draining swamps in order to build settlement areas. This leads to climate changes and environmental degradation. The minority species are also displaced in a â€Å"battle for the fittest† as explained by Darwin. Species like that of dinosaur which occupy large areas are killed to clear space to accommodate the excess population. Population growth also leads to increased construction which not only causes pollution which as explained earlier degrades the environment but also leads to deforestation and extraction of earth’s important minerals in the process of construction. Other environmental influencers do not however entirely bring about negative effects on the environment. Some farming techniques for example like animal farming enriches the environment by ensuring provision of manure and hence minerals. Practicing biological methods of farming where no chemicals are used also prevents degrading

Self-Evaluation paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Self-Evaluation paper - Assignment Example Following discussion seeks to prove my point on grounds of logical evidence which I will be using to advance my interests. I have always remained very interested in the English language. It has always sounded very beautiful to me which served to augment my interest in majoring in this language despite not being a native speaker. I have written many essays during the course of this semester which served to refine my writing skills and boost my confidence. I perfectly well remember the traumatic state of cognitive dissonance I found myself in when I first landed in this foreign country. My knowledge of the English language used to be quite succinct back then as a result of which I was not very fluent in speaking this language let alone writing essays laced with all possible kinds of literary embellishments. I encountered many hurdles and went through countless heavy experiences, but what I gained as a result will continue to benefit me throughout life. I am of course speaking about what I learned during this semester and how in many different ways it helped me in becoming an accomplished writer who takes pride in his skills. It is not my intention to use this medium to build my reputation as a person who is cocksure of his credentials or performance and has become excessively haughty as a result. Rather, I am fully aware that despite amassing much valuable experience, I am still not an above average student. However, given the fact that I am international student and English is not my native language, it would not be empty mockery to suggest that I have put my skills to good use. These skills I acquired during the course of this semester which enabled me to become free from the clutches of some serious deficiencies. After deep analysis of all I went through this semester and all I gained in the process more importantly, it is safe to assume that this grade B is the grade I rightfully deserve. I do not want my professor to see me as a

Cultural report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Cultural report - Essay Example B. Background Information. Epa is recognized as the male deity who was involved in wood carver. The artists of Africa tend to develop various forms of art that encompass traditional art, modern art, western art and historical art among others. The artists of Africa use several materials to prepare several forms of African art. The people of North Africa, mainly the people who are not black, get involved in the art of ancient Egypt (Arterial Network, â€Å"Contemporary Arts and Culture Discourse: African Perspectives†). C. Thesis Statement. In relation to the above context, the essay intends to write a critical comparative essay about the cultural experiences of the early African artists with the indication made in one of the provided arts i.e. Epa helmet mask. A. Epa Helmet Mask. Epa helmet mask is duly considered to be one of the historical arts of Africa, which is much different from other art forms belonging to the nation. In earlier trends, the materials were different that are mainly used for making arts. However, in recent trends, such materials have developed than the earlier times. Based on the existing trends, it can be apparently observed that the artists of Africa use bronze materials to create the African arts. Epa mask has been created from the seventeen empire, which involves the Ekiti region of Yoruba territory. The design of the Epa mask mainly consists of the face of Janus. Therefore, the face of Epa mask bears different types of names such as ‘mother with children’ and children cover me’ among others. The name of Epa Mask has been selected based on the concept of the picture of Epa mask. In previous years, Epa masks mainly focused on the productiveness based on the views of earlier writers. Moreover, during that time, the artists often had to use woods as materials to prepare the art of Epa mask (African Art & Culture, â€Å"Epa

Quality and Performance Management Methods in Healthcare

Quality and Performance Management Methods in Healthcare Teams and Team Building In the long-term health care industry, ongoing improvement is vital to quality patient medical attention. To achieve this goal of value improvement, a long-term health facility needs to make use of the learning, abilities, encounters, and points of view of an extensive variety of people; aka brainstorming. A quality improvement (QI) project requires critical thinking, numerous choices, and successful arrangements that include complex frameworks. Recognition of the importance of team-building practices, as well as retaining staff, play an important part in successful health care administration. An exhaustive multidisciplinary approach by a QI team is preferred over individual leaders, especially when: A project is multifaceted for example, the evolution of a traditional nursing home into a more progressive, protective-care nurturing habitat. Creativity is essential because the route to development is indistinct we must come up with non-traditional approaches that fit the lifestyles affected by todays technology. Well-organized use of resources is mandatory -projects must try to stay within allocated budget, with an eye to quality/cost. Teamwork is indispensable to implementation akin to driving a vehicle, all motion must be in the same direction; the entire team must be on the same page for success to happen. Team members are stakeholders in the result let it be common knowledge that all staff members have a stake in being associated with this highly-regarded organization; prestige as well as financial gain associated with a successful medical facility is a persuasive factor. The procedure involved is cross-functional involving people or departments who do different types of work for the same company. For example, this could include the Chief Medical Compliance Officer, the Chief Information Officer, and an internal audit. No one person has enough information to solve the problem (Improvement teams, n.d.). A health facility cannot be managed by a single individual; the expertise of persons with various talents are needed to successful run a medical organization. The brainstorming approachs advantages emerge from group collaboration and quick generation of new concepts. One of the significant focal points of the technique might be the enhanced confidence that it creates in the team, because a well-directed session ordinarily empowers the group and can improve team cohesiveness (Lighter, 2011). This approach gives people the confidence to contribute their ideas without fear of malicious criticism. Steps involved in upgrading and maintaining a top-quality long-term health care facility would: Characterize zones that require consideration with an issue statement that is clear, centered, and generally defined. Give groundwork on the issue through a short synopsis sheet or data handout for the team. Select participants according to what they are best at and most interested in, much as the selection process for any other team. Expect writers block and prepare by having some motivational questions at hand. Direct the session with the facilitator leading and recording, guaranteeing that thoughts and conversations are documented (Lighter, 2011). Ideally, my team would be as diverse as the population it serves. A varied patient base demands a multicultural health care staff to deliver relevant, quality medical attention that is received well by the public. An essential element in providing quality care is provider stability; a leader in the health care profession must provide an environment that encourages top-performing staff members to stay with the organization. A high turnover rate is counterproductive to implementation of a successful plan. This is an issue, as per a 2011 American Health Care Association study, the average nursing home turnover rate is 35 percent for all staff and 43 percent for CNAs. In dissimilarity, Fortune magazine reports that the 100 best companies to work for in 2011 had a turnover rate of 3 percent or less. Obviously, most nursing homes need staff retention strategies (Group, 2012). Teams improve the performance of healthcare organizations by collaborating to create successful clinical outcomes, patient experiences and reduce organizational costs. References: Group, V. (2012, June 4). 5 team building practices that will make your staff want to stay. Retrieved February 23, 2017, from http://www.iadvanceseniorcare.com/article/5-team-building-practices-will-make-your-staff-want-stay Improvement teams. Retrieved February 23, 2017, from https://www.hrsa.gov/quality/toolbox/methodology/improvementteams/part2.html Lighter, D. E. (2011). Advanced performance improvement in health care: Principles and methods. Sudbury, PA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

The Power Struggle in The Yellow Wallpaper -- Yellow Wallpaper essays

The Power Struggle in The Yellow Wallpaper      Ã‚   The story "The Yellow Wallpaper," by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, is a story about control. In the late 1800's, women were looked upon as having no effect on society other than bearing children and keeping house. It was difficult for women to express themselves in a world dominated by males. The men held the jobs, the men held the knowledge, the men held the key to the lock known as society   - or so they thought. The narrator in "The Wallpaper" is under this kind of control from her husband, John. Although most readers believe this story is about a woman who goes insane, it is actually about a woman’s quest for control of her life. The narrator is being completely controlled by her husband. The narrator's husband has told the her over and over again that she is sick. She sees this as control because she cannot tell him differently. He is a physician so he knows these things. She also has a brother who is a physician, and he says the same thing. In the beginning of the story, she is like a child taking orders from a parent. Whatever these male doctors say must be true. The narrator says, "personally, I disagree with their ideas" (480), and it is clear she does not want to accept their theories but has no other choice. She is controlled by her husband. Control is exemplified later in the story in the choice of rooms in which she must stay. She has no say whatsoever in this decision. She is forced to stay in a room she is uncomfortable with. This is the bedroom in which John has trapped her; this room is not a room in which she wants to be. The windows are barred and the bed is bolted down. This is a subliminal clue of control. And there is the horrible yellow wallpaper. "I n... ... the wallpaper no longer oppresses her. As time goes on, she gains confidence and control over both and ultimately dominates them. Works Cited Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. "The Yellow Wallpaper." Rediscoveries: American Short Stories by Women, 1832 - 1916. Ed. Barbara H. Solomon. New York: Mentor, 1994. 480-496. Delamotte, Eugenia C. reprinted in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism Vol. 37. Ed. Paula Kepos. Detroit: Gale Research Inc., 1991. Works Consulted Treichler, Paula. "Escaping the Sentence: Diagnosis and Discourse in 'The Yellow Wallpaper'." Rpt. Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism Vol. 37. Detroit: Gale 1991. 188-194. Shumaker, Conrad. "Too Terribly Good to Be Printed: Charlotte Gilman's 'The Yellow Wallpaper'." reprinted in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism Vol. 37. Ed. Paula Kepos. Detroit: Gale Research Inc., 1991. 194-198.   

Human Resource Management and Good Working Knowledge Essay

INTRODUCTION The assignment consist two parts, which are activity 1 and activity 2. First activity will explain in short report factors that affect talent planning as well as recruitment and selection factors that affect the organisations. I will show benefits of recruitment and selection methods. Moreover as the last part of activity 1, induction plan will be provided. Second part of assignment is group work. This section includes recruitment and selection interview process. We will explain and give examples of personal specification, what are selection criteria and interview questions. Furthermore we will provide letters to appointment and non-appointment. ACTIVITY 1 1.2-4 Factors that affect an organisation’s approach to talent planning. Laws: Equality Act 2010 might affect the method of how organisation attracts talent. This law protects against discrimination (GOV, n.d.) and has an influence in the way that company creates adverts as well as job description and application forms. Moreover during the interview, it is important to know what question can and can to be used. The law prohibits to ask for example about age to ensure that every person is treated fairly. Labour market: if new position comes into existence, it gives opportunities to current employees, in particular when some of the position might be liquidated. To some workers new and challenging position could be more curious, which will give chance to grow up. ( Charles, Janet, Donald, 2010:121) Diversity: lately, the positive effect on approaching talent has an immigration. The level of accessibility and needed knowledge as well as skills has raised. It helped to mitigate the lack of skills. ( Charles, Janet, Donald, 2010:123) Right work space: The workplace has an important impact that on talent planning, as the environment is productivity. By reconfiguring the space where people work we are able to get better efficiency on bigger group at lower costs. For example, Capital One’s collective real estate designed a future of Work. This helps with better  mobility. Future of Work describes open floor plans and flexible project rooms that helps teams with assignments. More than 85% of workers gave positive feedbacks and they are more happy with new work environment. ( Robert, Elissa, Nidhi, 2006:51) 1.1- 3 organisational benefits of a diverse workforce. Language skills: communication with other people from another backgrounds helps to avoid prejudice. This is explained as the Contact Hypothesis. Employing people from various countries might obviate further enhancement of stereotypes. Increase in productivity: challenges and benefits. Workers are able to tender new solutions to our customers, as a consequence of fresh and new ideas, which could be use in the company. Diversity workplace rise workers morale and it is the reason of bringing into work excellent service. Positive reputation: employee has to know, that employers treat workers fairly when it comes to gender, race or ethnicity. The company can keep current staff/talent as well as they have possibilities to find new talent, as long as company is known as a positive environment to work. 1.3 – 3 factors that affect the organisations approach to the recruitment and selection Legal and discrimination: company is not able to to discriminate against 9 protected characteristics- The Equality Act (2010). For example, applicants can not be asked about past/current pregnancy as well as any future plans related to pregnancy. Size of the organisation: Because of the size of the company, recruitment process might affect in huge scope. In large organisations recruitment is definitely more easy that in the smalls. Moreover large organisation needs more people, this is why they have more experiences with recruiting and selection good candidates. Recruiting policy: it affects recruitment and selection process. This policy pertain with applicants that come from outside of the organisation, while for example, the rest of people wish to recruit only from inside of sources. 1.1 & 2.2- benefits of recruitment and selection methods Recruitment  selection Online recruitment- is quick, gives better chance of success, gives bigger audience, is easy Psychological tests: help to understand applicant’s personality, psychopathology and more. Can be compare to other candidates. Agency – save time and money, screen CV, objective feedback on application and can help how to promote, attract candidates Interview- *group – large amount of people * telephone- language skills *individual – face to face conversation Application form- background check information, easy format to use- easy way to scan the information and compare with others Meet and great session- * open session *meeting people *social skills 4.1- 3 Purposes of induction and how they benefit individuals and organisations Purpose of induction Individual benefit Organisation benefit Explain to employee organisation details including history, what products do we have, how the service work, company culture (CIPD, 2013) Introduction with the organisation Deep information’s history given, culture, values as well as products and service explained, showing place as a good environment to work in,. Introduce workers To get time to meet and know workers, helps to feel better and more comfortable to work as a team in the future The staff member would cooperate before and shows how they can fit with goals and strategy of organisation Health and safety information (CIPD, 2013) To protect yourself and others. It is important that worker familiarising him/her-self with work place fire’s regulations Safe workplace is everyone’s responsibilities. It is company policy to give training on an on-going basic to be able to work in a safe and healthy work environment About us: Established for 25 years, Balans has 5 branches within London with a plan to expand within the next year. Our flagship restaurant is in the heart of Soho, attracting a wide mix of clientele, from locals to celebrities. We are a young (at heart) vibrant company with a passion for not only food but for the people that work with us. Duties: Recruitment and retention – You will be responsible for recruiting all staff up to assistant manager level. You will be required to onboard talented team members to help the teams grow stronger in preparation for our expansion. After recruiting you will be in charge of ensuring that we retain our talent, through one to one chats, incentives and succession planning. Inductions – You will be responsible for organising contracts and inductions for all new starters up to assistant manager level. You may also need to create a new updated induction plan with the expansion of our organisation. Employee relations – You will be the first port of call for all employees over our 5 sites. You must be able to priorities your schedule to be available to all at certain times without compromising the daily running of the restaurants. You must be able to display good working knowledge of our processes and procedures of our organisation to deliver a confident service to our teams. This will also including managing our sickness data and conducting return to work interviews. Disciplinary and grievance – You will be responsible for guiding our teams through disciplinary procedures and grievances, offering advice and taking notes during meetings. You will be required to organise the logistics and preparation for meetings. Coaching – You will be responsible for coaching and supporting our HR administration assistant and line managers. Working with them to develop their knowledge of HR functions and supporting them by advising them thoroughly throughout issues that arise on a daily basis. Administration – Working along side the HR Administration assistant you will be required to submit monthly reports to the HR manager. You must ensure that the data inputted by the admin assistant is correct done in a timely manner.

Book cover judgments

The term ‘book cover judgments’ bears only negative connotations. It’s widely accepted in the society that a person should analyze and synthesize all the available information before arriving at any decision. People who sometimes make book cover judgments are considered shallow and hypocritical. It’s often deemed to be a sign of narrowness and over-indulged self-opinion. Psychologists struggled to prove that the first impression is frequently the most lasting and important one, yet the society still keeps to the notion that superficial judgments are the greatest evil.Upon careful investigation, it becomes evident that book cover judgments often provide the most relevant and accurate information, being an important way to organize information, which is especially relevant at the dawn of the Information Age. In many cases, book cover judgment can provide the most relevant and accurate information. It’s especially true about making up one’s mind about other people: it’s a well-known fact that the first impression can be formed from brief exposure to another, and it can last for years.It can be proven by one of the new fads, speed-dating, organized by such companies as 8MinuteDating and HurryDate, when people meet with a dozen of people for up to ten minutes and then decide on their potential companions. Its concept rests on a simple belief that a couple of minutes can be plenty of time to understand a person up and judge compatibility. It’s not a top secret that everybody evaluates each other based on immediate intuitions.Scientists are discovering that in many situations our social intuition is indeed astonishing, as we can sometimes collect a considerable amount of information about a person’s nature or abilities in just a few seconds. Initial encounters are emotionally intense events that can overwhelm us, therefore true and accurate judgments can be formed. Book cover judgments are not simple hardwi red reactions, since people are also taught how to judge others, holding our first impressions up to the light of social stereotypes. Implicit attitudes that enter into our calculations are always in place.As a consequence, sometimes book cover judgments are considered synonymous to such words as stereotypes and prejudices. Prejudices and stereotypes are schemes that assist us in comprehending the reality; when reality does not correspond to our prejudice it is easier for our mind to modify our interpretation of reality than to modify the prejudice. Prejudices help us to complement information when we do not posses at the moment. And here it’s of paramount importance to draw a line between these two concepts. From a psychological perspective, stereotypes are simply ways to organize information in your head.Having stereotypes amount to having life experience to build upon. It’s necessary to use stereotypes to draw parallel with other similar cases in the past, to avoid mistakes or use the strong sides of some employees. Stereotypes consist basically in shared beliefs or notions about a certain group or event. A stereotype is a combination of characteristics that sums up this group or event. The goal of stereotypes is to simplify reality. Prejudices, however, are judgements we make about another person or group of people without trying to understand them.They are divided into negative or positive in character, yet negative prejudices prevail. Prejudices often go along with ignorance, fear or hatred. When making judgments about groups of people, book cover judgments aren’t enough. It has been shown already that one can’t do without organizing information without help of stereotypes. This is especially true in the Information Age when people are receiving a huge amount of information every second. Information flows are continuously intensifying, and this tendency is projected to amplify in the future. In the past, people had enough time to allocate to such matters as judging and rethinking.The decline of conventional philosophy at the beginning of the 21st century is the evidence of the diminishing value of in-depth analysis. While this analysis is sometimes performed for a variety of reasons, it’s conspicuously absent from our everyday life. It’s too early to blame modern men for laziness or ignorance – without making book cover judgments, it’s impossible to make sense of all the information we have to process every day. In other words, book cover judgments are necessary for many reasons. First of all, they can quickly provide much information about a certain person just after few minutes of initial contact.Secondly, stereotypes have been proven to be an important way to organize information. Las but not least, book cover judgments are the only option available to the society living in the Information Age. The society should gradually change its negative perception of quick judgments. Psychologists have already started debunking many myths about the psychological mechanism behind making book cover judgments. Instead of trying to diminish the value of this essential psychological tool, people should be trained to handle first impressions effectively and derive maximum information possible from the first seconds of encounter.

The Position Lacanian Psychoanalytic Theory Allots to the Art Object Regarding Desire in Postmodernities

The Position Lacanian Psychoanalytic Theory Allots to the Art Object Regarding Desire in Postmodernities Lacanian Psychoanalytic Theory and Art Introduction Importance of the issue Appreciating pieces of art is a great pleasure as it gives us time for imagining the personalized meaning of those objects through our own personal mirrors of our egos and minds. Sometimes, we try to find the meaning of what we see or hear with the help of our instinct or intuitive feeling beyond the logic and strict reasoning to understand the pictures or sculptures.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on The Position Lacanian Psychoanalytic Theory Allots to the Art Object Regarding Desire in Postmodernities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The same can be claimed about psychology and different theories that are aimed at explaining human desires and unconscious intentions. The perception of art objects can be understood with the help of applying Lacanian psychoanalytic theory to objects depicted and the way people usually understand those. As psychological interpretation of contemporary art suggests abundant sources for comprehending our experience on art, it is possoble to use Lacanian psychoanalytic theory to understand the essential aspects of postmodern artworks in terms of the concept of desire. The relation between the concept of desire according to Jacques Lacan’s theory and such aspects as what is shown, what is seen, and the way of perception in the objects of art are of the main focus of the current paper. Aim and scope The current paper is aimed at showing the number of different explanations that can be evoked by implementation of Lacanian psychoanalytic theory while observing and discussing the objects of art such as mixed media sculptures created in contemporary conditions with the help of modern materials, techniques and methods including postmodern tendencies. In particular, reviewing the works designed by Louise Bourgeois including Arch of Hysteria (1993) and Cell (Eyes and Mirrors) (1989-1993) an d Yayoi Kusama’s Infinity Mirror Room – Phalli’s Field (1965) and Narcissus Garden (1966) can demonstrate the most prominent features of Lacanian theory in these art objects regarding desire in postmodernities. The art objects mentioned above will be analysed in the current paper in accordance with the Lacanian psychoanalysis theory that includes such aspects as concept of mirror, phallocentrism, femininity, and mirror with regard to desire and psycho-sexual tendencies. Theoretical Background Lacanian Psychoanalytic Theory Lacanian psychoanalytic theory’s main purpose is to evoke hidden side of human mind, the unconscious, so that people could explain things that seem ambiguous or, on the contrary, obvious. The number of explanations of the unconscious desire can vary due to the background of every person involved in the process of discussion. For instance, certain events, either negative or positive, in the life of a person influence his/her perception o f self and individual desire in different ways.Advertising Looking for coursework on art? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Lacanian theory of mirror stage in terms of personality development, the aspect of Narcissism is the shared feature of personal human desire. â€Å"The mirror stage is also closely related to narcissism†1 as the Greek myth dwells on the beauty of a young man who fell in love with his own reflection in the water. â€Å"Lacan develops Freud’s concept by linking it more explicitly with its namesake, the myth of Narcissus†2. The mirror image in early childhood serves to mould a self-image that is not actually a self-image, but an ideal one of what we want to be, and, consequently, it serves to set a psychological drive toward self-definition based on a imaginary structure forced by the identification with external social order. In this respect, Lacan’s theory d oes not focus only on biological aspect of mirror stage of psycho-sexual development; the mirror stage is suggested as the primary stage in the perception of a person that helps to conceive the real image from the self and from others. The scope of ideas on the concept of mirrors can be presented in a multivolume work whereas the main ideas can be found in the theory of psychoanalysis established by Jacques Lacan. Though Lacan’s theory has proven to be one of the most insightful interpretations of our time, some critics found explanation and analysis of certain concepts gender-oriented and discriminating. For example, French feminists Julia Kristeva and Helen Cixous have argued about the objectivity of presentation of concepts of phallocentrism made by prominent theorists, philosophers, and psychologists Jacques Lacan and the person influenced by Lacan’s ideas, Jacques Derrida. Female writers criticized Lacanian theory because it suggested lack of self in women making them penis-less creatures deprived of the ego and associated more as a part of the male essence. In this respect, Helene Cixous’s essay ‘The laugh of the medusa’ is aimed at discussing the influence of gender aspects on cultural life of people, art objects, and language in particular. The author dwells on the difference between cultural concepts and gender aspects that, as the author claims, should not be mixed with one another and with biological peculiarities of life.3 The more we try to tie the aspect of gender to other areas of human life, the less appropriate these concepts may become. Different problems with the perception of this or that idea or object of art can be the main reason for treating the phallocentric concepts as those discriminating femininity as a feature of the gender. Julia Kristeva suggests the idea of â€Å"drives [that] involve pre-Oedipal semiotic functions†4; this statement can be considered one of the most appropriate ideas for discussion with regard to desire and drives in the process of analysing the objects of art.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on The Position Lacanian Psychoanalytic Theory Allots to the Art Object Regarding Desire in Postmodernities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Phallocentrism is defined here as irrelevant panegyric on make sexual organ and behaviour of male representatives associated with their attitude to this organ as well. In this respect, the desire related to the objects of art can be found in the issue of glorification of the male sexual organ. The more theories try to approach the concept of the mirror, the more ideas appear in the process of analysis even on the simplest phenomena that did not suggest that many explanations of a specific term before. In this respect, it is necessary to emphasise that Lacanian psychoanalytic theory is aimed at provoking human thoughts on different subjects as a person wh o knows about the suggested concepts would use those ideas while analysing the objects of art. For instance, Jacques Lacan introduced a concept of mirror and explanation of the function of the unit I as suggested in psychoanalytic practice. His work â€Å"Mirror stage as formative of the function of the I as revealed in psychoanalytic experience† demonstrates the inner stage that is suggested to analyse as the initial condition or a ‘mirror’ as the inner reflection of all actions performed by a person. This mirror is treated as a specific place or an object used for analysis of actions, behaviour, and deeds by a person; such a self-analysis and counter-analysis are used for signification and counter-signification of the self.5 This concept was not critically perceived by female writers Cixous and Kristeva because it was not treated as the one that is posted against the femininity, female concepts, and feminine gender in general though the concept of mirrors helps to assess the role of desire in the analysis of the self. Desire in Postmodernities Postmodernism is a movement in art and architecture that can be considered one of the most influential trends in twentieth century due to its simplicity and complicatedness at the same time. Though different styles in art can be claimed to have found their application in culture, postmodern movement had a prominent impact on the architecture and art objects. As suggested by Tobin Siebers in his book Heterotopia: postmodern utopia and the body politic, the postmodernities can be compared to desire that cannot be explained and understood completely.6 On the other hand, it is necessary to trace the real meaning of postmodern art objects that can be insightfully explained using psychological analysis theories aimed at explaining human desires, fears, and intentions.Advertising Looking for coursework on art? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The analysis of the self can be performed through the use of mirrors that represent the relations between what a person wants to show and others want to see or are able to see. Besides, as suggested by Jacques Lacan, the desire can be clearly understood after analysis of the body: Fragmented body is analysed in terms of the desires and fears and the hidden intentions behind the reflection of different parts of the human body.7 Most postmodernists are sceptical of the concept, ‘certainty’ or ‘authentic truth’ because the function, meaning, and symbolic value are varied in the context or situation; the same can be traced in psychoanalysis where every detail is thoroughly examined to trace the connection between the desire and images usually reflected in the inner mirror. Though every object of art can be analysed in a different way, there is a number of traits that can be traced in most of them with regard to the gender of the author, the inner reflection of the actions, and attitude to the self, and other concepts that can be easily found in psychoanalytic theory established by Jacques Lacan. So, the objects of art created with regard to the tendencies and concepts established for postmodernities can be easily analysed with the help of Lacanian psychoanalytic theory designed merely at the same time as the postmodern movement. In this respect, it is possible to apply the concepts of psychoanalysis such as self-criticism by Freud8 to the objects of art designed by contemporary authors due to the background of authors and their reflection of the self in those art objects. Position of Theory to the Art Object Louise Bourgeois, Arch of Hysteria, 1993 The first object of art that should be analysed with regard to the concept of desire in postmodernities and the basic concepts revealed in Lacanian psychoanalytic theory is the one designed by Louise Bourgeois. This piece of art was created in 1993; the Arch of Hysteria can be considered one of the most feminine and delicate works created by this author.9 At the same time, it is powerful demonstration of the human body. And the name of the sculpture created using polished patina on the hanging piece made of bronze talks for itself. The attack of hysteria makes people change the positions of their bodies. The same can be traced when a person experiences some strong emotions or feelings and is not able to control the movements, gestures, and emotions expressed on his/her face. Every attack of hysteria can be depicted in another way because every individual has his/her own reflection of the self and is able to analyse the self using the inner mirror. The discussion of femininity is related to the ideas the author of this object of art found relevant due to the feminism movements and active involvement in those.10 The author manages to create her works without being too gender-discriminating toward the representatives of the opposite sex. Moreover, her work Arch of Hysteria ( 1993) can be considered the one that makes the male body the core concept of the overall image created. In this respect, the idea of phallocentrism vigorously criticised by Cixous and Kristeva can be easily traced in this particular object. Moreover, the body hanging in the air can be analysed using the concept of fragmented body with regard to the wholeness of the subject, totalization and autonomous self. In other words, the concept of desire in postmodernities can be explained with the help of this sculpture that seems to be aimed at dethroning the power of the male body by making it more feminine with the help of hysteria that was considered a female disease. Every person has certain secrets whereas all hidden desires and intentions can be revealed with the help of the psychoanalysis suggested by Lacan who based his theory on the concepts explained and analysed by Sigmund Freud. The main idea of the current object of art can be considered the real human emotion captured in the e arthly body while every gesture and movement made by the person helps to reveal this emotion and explain the reasons for experiencing it. In the same way, every person can be read as a book with the help of Lacanian psychoanalytic theory when every image, dream, or idea is the result of some events and situations that took place in the life of this person; the same events and situations can be treated as the reasons or causes of other events. The concept of desire can be considered the core idea of every piece of art because every author has certain desires and intentions and can use those as inspiration while designing the object of art. Moreover, the sexual desire can be traced in every art object that is aimed at reflecting the author’s intentions through the presentation of the human body. Louise Bourgeois, Cell (Eyes and Mirrors), 1989-1993 The next object of art is designed by the same author. This creation is represented through the cell which contains specific eyes an d mirrors. In this respect, it is necessary to trace the meaning transferred with the help of those objects to the meaning of the whole piece of art.11 The more different objects we introduce to the piece of art, the more complicated it becomes. The complicatedness of the object can be traced through the number of meanings attributed to every object it contains. In other words, the meaning of this Cell (Eyes and Mirrors)12 should be analysed with regard to the meaning of cell, eyes as parts of the human body, and mirrors and the concept of desire in postmodernities. It is possible to analyse every concept in turn and, after that, try to explain the meaning of the whole object of art bearing in mind the meaning of each separate object that is included in the structure. For instance, the work of art Cell (Eyes and Mirrors) designed by Louise Bourgeois in 1989-1993 can be analysed as a set of objects each having its own meaning and contributing to the meaning of the entire object. As e very object can have meanings with regard to the context, it is necessary to analyse the possibility for occurrence of meanings and the number of meanings that can depend on different factors. In other words, the background knowledge and situations that occurred in the life of a person prior to observation of a concrete object of art should influence his/her perception of this work. So, cell can be considered as the limitation or restriction imposed on a person by his/her parents, friends, or supervisors. Besides, certain prohibition can be treated as the reason for author to use such an object in the overall construction. If a person had no negative experience related to the image of a cell, this work of art would not evoke any negative emotions. The concept of eyes in combination with mirrors represents the reflection of the ideas with the help of mirrors. In addition, this combination can be treated as the desire of the author to show the audience something hidden in her inner se lf which can be seen only through the eyes. Thus, the eyes reflected in mirrors suggest a hidden desire of the author to reveal her hidden feelings or something she cannot say aloud. Another idea that comes to mind while looking at this object of art created by a woman is the female aspect of this work. In this respect, it is necessary to remember about the concern of all women about their look. As they often look in the mirror, they can see something that cannot be seen without a mirror. In other words, the mirror can be used as an instrument to show and see something mysterious or at least something that cannot be seen without this magical device. The desire to say something can be treated as the core concept of this work because mirrors and reflections can often say something a person is afraid to reveal to him/herself or is confused about the consequences of such information transferred to a stranger. Masks and disguise contribute greatly to the overall image of the object of ar t called Cell (Eyes and Mirrors) designed by Louise Bourgeois in 1989-1993 because it is a feature of most women to have many identities and play many roles while only a mirror can reflect the real image of a woman. Yayoi Kusama, Infinity Mirror Room – Phalli’s Field, 1965 It is necessary to mention that the object of art designed by Yayoi Kusama, Infinity Mirror Room – Phalli’s Field created in 196513 can be considered one of the most original objects of art designed under the influence of postmodern trends and technologies. This work can be easily analysed applying Lacanian psychoanalytic theory to practice because mirrors play the core role in this work. The more a person reflects on his/her self image in the mirror, the more he/she is likely to change in the inner world to adjust to the conditions of the outer world. On the other hand, it is possible that a person changes the inner world to have it as a shelter from the oppression and all negative fac tors that exist in the outer world. In this respect, it is possible to treat the mirrors as an instrument for initiating self-analysis. As suggested in the work by Peter Gay who analyses Freudian theory of psychoanalysis, â€Å"The physician should be opaque to the patient and, like a mirror, show nothing but what is shown to him.†14 For Lacan, however, mirror image has some deceiving aspects that alienate human from the real self by representing the Narcissistic illusion of self-autonomy. In this regard, the mirror in the Kusama’s work is the place for searching human identity on the dialectical relationship between ‘seeing and to be seen’. Lacan’s key concept regarding the mirror stage is for challenging the integrated identity that reflects human’s narcissistic desire for wholeness, totalitarian or self-autonomy which we should overcome to be mature. In addition, he thought integrated identity to be illusion of synthesis which is not reall y existent in the real world. For Lacan, human is in fragmented body in the real world and the fragmented body refers not only to images of the physical body but also to any sense of fragmentation and disunity. The life in society can be considered another influential feature in creation of this object of art due to postmodernities with regard to desire and values typical of times and cultures; many identities are reflected in the mirror and it is up to a person to see or not to see them. The objects on the floor of the mirror room can be treated as obstacles for analysis because the roles we play in the everyday life can differ greatly from what we are and who we are because of the necessity to adjust to the conditions of the outer world. Besides, the society that we live in often imposes the roles on its members in order to protect itself from misunderstandings. This aspect can be regarded as a great obstacle for analysis of a person, his/her real desires, fears, intentions, and b eliefs. In addition, the efforts of a person to take away those obstacles can be considered unavailing because the mirror room is closed whereas all objects are inside it and there is no way out except the door. It is possible that the only way to walk through the door is to recognise the reflection in the mirror and confront the uneasiness of the fragmented body in the number of identities assigned by contemporary life. Yayoi Kusama, Narcissus Garden, 1966 The next object of art for analysis is the mixed media Narcissus Garden created by Yayoi Kusama in 1966.15 The author managed to use the reflection received while looking in the water. This object consists of a pond and silver balls in the water. These balls are light enough not to drown while their reflection in the water can be treated as the reflection of each person in the mirror in the previous work of art. As suggested by Sigmund Freud in his study ‘On Dreams’, every dream has specific content16 that can be ana lysed. Moreover, every object depicted in the dream has a specific meaning with regard to the situation in which it appears. In this case, the balls that can be seen on the water surface can reflect the desire of a person to swim opposed to the possibility of drowning. Every object that can be analysed can be influential in terms of hidden desires or fears that can be revealed in the process of analysing those dreams. Though some dreams may seem strange, it has some points to try to analyse each of them in order to see the real nature of the soul. The pond with silver balls can be associated with a desire to see the number of identities. If a person reflects the pond with silver balls in the object of art, she may have some problems with self-identification. In other words, a person that experiences difficulties with analysis of the self can try to reflect those problems in this way. For instance, the number of balls can correspond to the number of identities or roles a person has i n everyday life and uses those while communicating with colleagues, building relationships in the family, and other situations. However, the surface of the water shows everything that is reflected while some reasons can be found for this. In this case, the balls are reflected in the outer world while an inner mirror is situated in the inner world. In this respect, the number of identities will be reflected in the water every time. Every identity has its own reflection in the outer world as well as every person can find his/her reflection in the mirror being a parent, a friend, or performing some other roles. In this respect, an inner mirror of the ego should show our Narcissistic desire towards independent entity. Every concept of life can be reflected in the inner world whereas it depends upon a person whether to let certain concepts into the inner world or leave those outside. As the personal life of every individual is full of certain events, all those events can influence succes sive events and the condition of the inner worlds. Thus, a reflection in the inner mirror can distorted due to the impact of all events that take place in the life of a person. The pond with silver balls can also be treated as the outer world with all its imperfectness and obstacles that appear on the way of a person when he/she wants to look at the Narcissistic reflection on self but can only see the numerous identities. Every identity can be reflected in the mirror of the outer world though it is up to a person whether to let those identities into the inner world to be reflected in the inner mirror. Conclusion The concept of self, reflection in the mirror, the number of identities and roles assigned to every person, feminism and male sexual organs can be traced in the objects of art. As the theory of Lacan is mainly based on the theory established by Sigmund Freud, it is necessary to mention the significance of his study for analysis of sexuality and gender differences. The Arch o f Hysteria reflects the power of human body whereas it can be treated in a different way when applying Lacanian psychoanalytic theory to it. In this respect, a human body can be considered the symbolic representation of human desires reflected with the help of postmodernism trends. Female critics of Jacques Lacan’s theory do not blindly criticise his theory; they try to see the discrimination of identity of woman in the analysis through rejection of the phallocentrism as a core aspect of most psychological analyses. In other words, Helene Cixous and Julia Kristeva apply Lacan’s psychoanalysis as the assessment of sexual features, desires (often sexual), and fears related to the gendered self. Lacan’s theory of the mirror stage demonstrates that our self-identification is based on an illusion of an idealistic image of completeness that does not actually exist in the real. And the imaginary identity created by the co-operation between Narcissistic desire and exter nal forces is subject to the fragmentation of identity in reality. Thus, the ideal-I acts in similar way as Sigmund Freuds ego in that it prevents this fragmentation from emerging to the surface. The main aspect that can be traced in the objects of art such as Cell (Eyes and Mirrors) by Louise Bourgeois and Infinity Mirror Room – Phalli’s Field and Narcissus Garden designed by Yayoi Kusama is the mirror and reflection of the self including the further analysis of the self. Bourgeois, Louise, Arch of Hysteria, [online image] (1993) http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQRGEe1PLNugRKw3A0wrsF-QJ0ToBCWwxChuVJBZaD9kHtzGB4n. Bourgeois, Louise, Cell (Eyes and Mirrors), [online image] (1989-1993) http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTWZbxfX_D-a19F-BU-6qNXKuCzeq4PmfOWm-A44JWo3bLL0xlv. Cixous, Helene, ‘The laugh of the medusa’, in Peter Simon (ed.), The Norton anthology of theory and criticism (London: W. W. Norton Company, Inc., 2001), 2039-2056. Evans, Dy lan, An introductory dictionary of Lacanian psychoanalysis (London: Routledge, 1996). Freud, Sigmund, ‘On dreams’, in Alan Sheridan (tr.), Charles Harrison and Paul Wood (eds.), Art in theory: 1900-2000 (Oxford: Blackwell, [1901], 2003), 21-28. Freud, Sigmund, ‘The ego and the id’, in James Strachey et al. (tr. and ed.), The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 19, London: The Hogarth Press Ltd., [1923], 1961), 19-27. Gay, Peter, Freud: a life for our time (New York: W. W. Norton Company, 1998). Kristeva, Julia, ‘Revolution in poetic language. The semiotic chora ordering the drives’, in Peter Simon (ed.), The Norton anthology of theory and criticism (London: W. W. Norton Company, Inc., 2001), 2169-2179. Kusama, Yayoi, Infinity Mirror Room – Phalli’s Field, [online image] (1965) http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRtQ3bAAobkC0QnwZtBuVzQL2ieaGFxl_mTK1FU-DchCGMZ7H5XwA. Kusama, Yayoi, Narc issus Garden, [online image] (1966) http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTddGjC-EAyMHoj4Salu9YK7fhi6DL090HXcblqqK2pTLiHkeh-. Lacan, Jacques, ‘The mirror stage as formative of the function of the I as revealed in psychoanalytic experience’, in Peter Simon (ed.), The Norton anthology of theory and criticism (London: W. W. Norton Company, Inc., 2001), 1285-1310. Lacan, Jacques, ‘The mirror-phase as formative of the function of the I’, in Alan Sheridan (tr.), Charles Harrison and Paul Wood (eds.), Art in theory: 1900-2000 (Oxford: Blackwell, [1966], 2003), 620-624. Nixon, Mignon, Fantastic reality: Louise Bourgeois and a story of modern art (MIT Press/October Books, 2005). Nixon, Mignon, ‘The she-fox: transference and the â€Å"woman artist†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢, in Carol Armstrong and Catherine de Zegher (eds.), Women Artists at the Millennium (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press/October Books, 2006), 275-303. Siebers, Tobin, Heterotopia: postmodern utopia and th e body politic (Lansing: University of Michigan Press, 1994). Footnotes 1 Dylan Evans, An Introductory Dictionary of Lacanian Psychoanalysis (London: Routledge, 1996), 119. 2 Ibid., 123. 3 Helene Cixous, ‘The Laugh of the Medusa’, in Peter Simon (ed.), The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism (London: W. W. Norton Company, Inc., 2001), 2039-2056 at 2039. 4 Julia Kristeva, ‘Revolution in Poetic Language. The Semiotic Chora Ordering the Drives’, in Peter Simon (ed.), The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism (London: W. W. Norton Company, Inc., 2001), 2169-2179 at 2172. 5 Jacques Lacan, ‘The Mirror Stage as Formative of the Function of the I as Revealed in Psychoanalytic Experience’, in Peter Simon (ed.), The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism (London: W. W. Norton Company, Inc., 2001), 1285-1310 at 1288-1289. 6 Tobin Siebers, Heterotopia: Postmodern Utopia and the Body Politic (Lansing: University of Michigan Press, 1994), 2. 7 J acques Lacan, ‘The Mirror-Phase as Formative of the Function of the I’, in Alan Sheridan (tr.), Charles Harrison and Paul Wood (eds.), Art in Theory: 1900-2000 (Oxford: Blackwell, [1966], 2003), 620-624 at 622. 8 Sigmund Freud, ‘The Ego and the Id’, in James Strachey et al. (tr. and ed.), The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 19, London: The Hogarth Press Ltd., [1923], 1961), 19-27 at 33. 9 Louise Bourgeois, Arch of Hysteria, [online image] (1993) http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQRGEe1PLNugRKw3A0wrsF-QJ0ToBCWwxChuVJBZaD9kHtzGB4n. 10 Mignon Nixon, Fantastic Reality: Louise Bourgeois and a Story of Modern Art (MIT Press/October Books, 2005). 11 Nixon, Mignon, ‘The She-Fox: Transference and the â€Å"Woman Artist†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢, in Carol Armstrong and Catherine de Zegher (eds.), Women Artists at the Millennium (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press/October Books, 2006), 275-303 at 277. 12 Louise Bourgeois, Cell ( Eyes and Mirrors), [online image] (1989-1993) http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTWZbxfX_D-a19F-BU-6qNXKuCzeq4PmfOWm-A44JWo3bLL0xlv. 13 Yayoi Kusama, Infinity Mirror Room – Phalli’s Field, [online image] (1965) http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRtQ3bAAobkC0QnwZtBuVzQL2ieaGFxl_mTK1FU-DchCGMZ7H5XwA. 14 Peter Gay, Freud: A Life for Our Time (New York: W. W. Norton Company, 1998), 111. 15 Yayoi Kusama, Narcissus Garden, [online image] (1966) http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTddGjC-EAyMHoj4Salu9YK7fhi6DL090HXcblqqK2pTLiHkeh-. 16 Freud, Sigmund, ‘On dreams’, in Alan Sheridan (tr.), Charles Harrison and Paul Wood (eds.), Art in theory: 1900-2000 (Oxford: Blackwell, [1901], 2003), 21-28 at 21.